AMP, originally created by Google, is an open-source HTML framework developed by the AMP open-source Project. AMP is designed to help webpages load faster.
Google PageSpeed is a family of tools designed to help websites performance optimisations.
HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) informs browsers that the site should only be accessed using HTTPS.
reCAPTCHA is a free service from Google that helps protect websites from spam and abuse.