Google AdSense is a program run by Google through which website publishers serve advertisements that are targeted to the site content and audience.
HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) informs browsers that the site should only be accessed using HTTPS.
Open Graph is a protocol that is used to integrate any web page into the social graph.
PHP is a general-purpose scripting language used for web development.
Twitter is a 'microblogging' system that allows you to send and receive short posts called tweets.