Cloudflare is a web-infrastructure and website-security company, providing content-delivery-network services, DDoS mitigation, Internet security, and distributed domain-name-server services.
HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) informs browsers that the site should only be accessed using HTTPS.
HTTP/3 is the third major version of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol used to exchange information on the World Wide Web.
IPInfoDB is the API that returns the location of an IP address.
MaxMind is a provider of geolocation and online fraud detection tools.
Open Graph is a protocol that is used to integrate any web page into the social graph.