AMP, originally created by Google, is an open-source HTML framework developed by the AMP open-source Project. AMP is designed to help webpages load faster.
Apache is a free and open-source cross-platform web server software.
Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) are web apps built and enhanced with modern APIs to deliver enhanced capabilities, reliability, and installability while reaching anyone, anywhere, on any device, all with a single codebase.
Varnish is a reverse caching proxy.